东南亚已取代非洲成为全球海盗最猖獗地区(图)

　　JAKARTA, Indonesia — Sembara Oktafian was in the engine room of a tugboat chugging toward the Philippines when something didn’t sound right.

　　印度尼西亚雅加达报道——听见奇怪声响的时候，塞姆巴拉·奥克塔芬正在一艘缓慢开往菲律宾的拖船的轮机舱里。

　　There was shouting on deck, and shots. Gunmen had boarded, and their message was clear: Come with us, or we will kill you. They shot one crew member and kidnapped four others.

　　甲板上有人大声喊叫，还传来了枪声。枪手已经登船了，而且他们的意图很明显：跟我们走，不然就杀了你们。他们开枪打了一个船员，绑架了剩下四名船员。

　　“They were a terrible-looking group, running around with AK-47s,” Mr. Sembara said. “I thought they were going to kill us all, but they only took my friends.”

　　“他们是一群看起来就很糟糕的人，拿着AK-47步枪跑来跑去。”塞姆巴拉说，“我以为他们会把我们全杀了，但是他们只是带走了我的朋友们。”

　　The April attack, in the Celebes Sea south of the Philippines, was not isolated, or even out of the ordinary. Southeast Asia now accounts for the majority of seafaring attacks globally, surpassing the Horn of Africa, according to the International Maritime Bureau. And governments in the region are scrambling to combat the problem.

　　四月份这次发生在菲律宾南部西里伯斯海域的攻击并不是个例，甚至有些不同寻常。国际海事局的资料显示，现在全球航海攻击事件中，绝大多数发生在东南亚。这一地区的政府正在努力解决这个问题。

　　“In Somalia, the attacks have gone down,” said Noel Choong, the head of the maritime bureau’s piracy reporting center in Kuala Lumpur, the capital of Malaysia. “In Nigeria, the numbers are still there, but not as much as in Asia.”

　　“索马里的海盗攻击已经下降了。”位于马来西亚首都吉隆坡的国际海事局海盗通报中心主任钟诺尔说，“在尼日利亚，这个数量还是很多，但是没有亚洲多。”

　　In 2015, there were 178 attacks in Southeast Asia and none in the Gulf of Aden and Red Sea region near Somalia, according to the maritime bureau, after a multinational security crackdown there. The bureau also reported that in the first half of this year, Southeast Asia was the scene of more than one-third of the 98 attacks and attempted attacks globally.

　　国际海事局的资料显示，2015年，东南亚一共发生178起航海攻击事件;而在之前海盗泛滥的亚丁湾、红海与索马里附近海域，得益于多国部队的联合打击，一起也没有。资料也显示，今年上半年，全球一共发生了98起攻击或者攻击未遂事件，超过三分之一发生在东南亚。

　　The men who attacked the tugboat, an Indonesian-flagged vessel that had been hauling a coal barge, were later identified as members of Abu Sayyaf, an extremist group based in the southern Philippines that has acted as a hostage-for-ransom gang for more than two decades. It has also pledged its allegiance to the Islamic State.

　　本文开头处所描述的攻击那艘挂着印度尼西亚旗帜的运煤拖船的人，后来被认出是菲律宾南部极端组织“阿布沙耶夫”的成员，该组织做绑架人质、索要赎金的勾当已经超过二十年了。该组织还曾向“伊斯兰国”表示效忠。

　　Abu Sayyaf is responsible for most of the kidnappings at sea in Southeast Asia, but several other criminal gangs also operate in those waters.

　　东南亚大部分海上绑架案都是“阿布沙耶夫”所为，但是也有一些是这片海域其他犯罪团伙做的。

　　Between March and August, Abu Sayyaf kidnapped 25 Indonesian and six Malaysian seamen in attacks along vital trade routes for coal barges in the Sulu Archipelago. The extremist group continues to hold nine Indonesian sailors from the recent attacks.

　　在3月到8月期间，“阿布沙耶夫”在苏禄群岛重要的运煤路线上绑架了25名印尼船员和6名马来西亚船员。在最近的袭击中，该组织又扣押了9名印尼船员。

　　Alarmed by the spate of kidnappings for ransom, Indonesia, Malaysia and the Philippines agreed in May to conduct coordinated naval security patrols in the Sulu Archipelago, and establish a hotline among themselves. In August, they agreed to allow “hot pursuits” of kidnappers and armed robbers by their maritime security forces into one another’s territory.

　　泛滥成灾的绑架事件使各国政府变得警醒，印度尼西亚、马来西亚和菲律宾于五月份达成了一项协议，在苏禄群岛附近部署海军安全巡逻队，并在各队之间建立热线。八月份，这几国同意海军部队可以在另一国境内对绑架者或武装劫匪进行“热打击”。

　　“The idea is for the closest patrol boat to take the necessary action,” said Arrmanatha Nasir, an Indonesian foreign ministry spokesman.

　　“主旨就是，距离最近的巡逻船可以采取必要措施。”印度尼西亚外交部发言人阿玛纳沙·纳西尔说。

　　The Indonesian Navy thwarted the hijacking of an oil tanker by pirates off the southwest coast of Borneo in May, and arrested nine suspects. But attacks on oil tankers have become less frequent as global fuel prices have dropped, according to a recent report by the Global Initiative Against Transnational Organized Crime.

　　五月份，印尼海军在婆罗洲西南海域挫败了一起对一艘运油船的劫持，并逮捕了9名嫌疑人。但是《全球打击跨国有组织犯罪公约》的最新报告显示，因为全球油价下跌，针对运油船的袭击也不那么频繁了。

　　Many attackers are instead targeting ships carrying valuable commercial cargo that can be sold on the black market, such as crude palm oil.

　　所以，很多袭击者转而盯上了运送贵重商品的货船——像天然棕榈油这样的东西可以在黑市上大赚一笔。